This study examines skeletal morphology of the remains of enslaved Africans and Afro-descendants to:
1. Understand how certain biological groups formed and changed over time
2. Explore gene flow and other evolutionary processes that may explain how the biological variation is distributed
3. Investigate patterns of biological relatedness that may not be reflected in historic migration data. See pilot data here and here.
This study examines the modes of description and essentialization of runaway enslaved persons in fugitive slave advertisements and other archival documents. Using thematic analysis in MAXQDA software themes of description are identified in the data and assessed for variation within and among sampled sites. See pilot data here (recorded version here).
This study proposes a theoretical model that describes the positionality of the skeletal remains and burials of Black decedents. Drawing from the work of Caribbean philosopher, Frantz Fanon, this study adapts his theories of alienation and spatial compartmentalization to construct a theoretical model that describes the initial and repeated encounters that occur between the living and Black decedents that have direct consequences for their placement.
This dissertation analyzed the biosocial effects of enslavement in three selected regions of the slave trade: Barbados, St. Helena, and Cape Town. To assess the biological variation of enslaved persons in these regions, I used geometric morphometrics (skeletal shape analysis) to estimate rates of biological diversity and relatedness. I also conducted text analyses of archival newspapers to identify themes of how enslaved persons were essentialized. I then integrated these datasets through visual and descriptive comparisons to assess whether these biological and social patterns correlated across sites. My findings showed that all sites were diverse, and Southeastern African contributions to Atlantic diasporic regions were more notable than would be expected from global migration data alone. The archival datasets showed that descriptions of appearance and behavior of enslaved and recaptive people remained salient even during the late stages of the slave trade.
Cunningham_A (pdf)
DownloadCunningham A.S. (2024). Postmortem Racialization: Reconceptualizing Frantz Fanon’s Black Subject. Transforming Anthropology, 32(1). https://doi.org/10.1086/729916
Dwyer I.S., Cunningham A.S., Justinvil D. (2022). Caribbeanist Casualties: Examining the Intersections of Migration and Forensic Identification through Critical Biocultural Approaches to Structural Violence. Forensic Science International: Synergy, 6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsisyn.2023.100327
Cunningham A.S. (2020). Growth and sexual dimorphism of the hyoid body in Macaca mulatta. International Journal of Primatology, 41(3), 538-557.
In Revision. Shuler K.A., Cunningham A.S. (2023). African Diasporas: Bioarchaeological Approaches to Intercontinental and Global Legacies of Displacement.
In Revision. Cunningham, A.S. (2024). The journey toward equitable bioarchaeological research practices in the South Atlantic. In Felicia Fricke and Eduardo Herrera Malatesta (Eds.), Ethics in Caribbean Archaeology: Past, Present, and Future. University Press of Florida.
In Prep. Cunningham, A.S. (2024). Atlantic Crossings: Biosocial interventions in African diasporic bioarchaeological thought and practice. In Rachel Watkins and Sheela Athreya (Eds.), American Journal of Biological Anthropology (Special Issue).
Copyright © 2024 Andreana S. Cunningham - All Rights Reserved.
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